Sandwich sheet is a building material that combines two outer layers of metal with an insulating core. This design provides excellent thermal and mechanical properties, making it ideal for various construction applications. Its use has expanded in industrial, commercial and residential sectors, thanks to its ease of installation and versatility. There are different types of sandwich panels, each designed for specific needs.
What is Sandwich Veneer?
It is a very efficient and versatile building material. It is known for its light weight and insulating properties, which make it ideal for various building applications.
Definition and Composition
Sandwich veneer comprises a panel composed of three main layers that work together to provide superior performance. The constituent parts include:
- External layers: Generally made of steel or aluminum, these layers offer mechanical resistance and protection against external agents, such as corrosion.
- Insulating core: Located between the metal layers, the core is designed with different materials, such as polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or rock wool, providing excellent thermal and acoustic insulation, as well as fire resistance in some cases.
This structural design not only minimizes the weight of the panel, but also ensures high efficiency in energy conservation, an essential component in modern construction.
History and Evolution
The development of sandwich plate dates back to the beginning of the 20th century, when the search for more efficient and economical solutions for construction began. Over the years, the industry has adopted this technology, improving both materials and manufacturing processes. Since its inception, sandwich sheet has evolved significantly, adapting to the changing needs of the market. Today, it is recognized for its ability to combine insulation, durability and aesthetics.
In their early stages, sandwich panels were predominantly used in industrial and commercial applications. Over time, their advantages have led to wider adoption in residential and agricultural construction. Continued innovation in material formulation and installation techniques has further expanded its utility, making it a favorite choice for architects and engineers.
Types of Sandwich Panels
There are several types of sandwich panels, each designed to meet specific needs in different areas of construction. The following are the most commonly used, detailing their characteristics and applications.
Polyurethane (PU) panels
Technical Characteristics
Polyurethane panels are known for their exceptional thermal insulation capacity. They have an expanded polyurethane core, which gives them a low thermal conductivity value. This translates into higher energy efficiency compared to other panels. Their moisture resistance also contributes to their durability.
Common Applications
These panels are widely used in commercial and industrial construction. Their versatility makes them ideal for the manufacture of buildings, roofs and facades. They are also suitable for the insulation of cold rooms and buildings used for the preservation of temperature-sensitive products.
Polyisocyanurate (PIR) Panels
Properties and Advantages
Polyisocyanurate is a material similar to polyurethane, but with improved fire resistance. This makes them especially suitable for applications where fire safety is crucial. They have excellent thermal performance and long service life.
Construction Uses
PIR panels are frequently used in industrial buildings, logistics centers and in the construction of roofs and facades that require compliance with specific safety regulations. They are also popular in the construction of facilities requiring high energy efficiency.
Rock Wool Panels
Fire Resistance
With a rock wool core, these panels offer high fire resistance. This mineral material not only provides thermal insulation, but also acoustic insulation, making it a suitable option for spaces that require additional fire protection.
Usage Scenarios
Rockwool panels are ideal for commercial and industrial buildings. They are commonly found in data centers, factories and hospitals, where fire resistance is a must. Their acoustic insulation capabilities also make them preferred in environments where noise reduction is sought.
Refrigerated Panels
Thermal Insulation
These panels are specifically designed to maintain controlled temperatures. Thanks to their highly insulating core, they minimize heat transfer, which is essential for the preservation of perishable products.
Refrigeration Applications
Refrigerated panels are used in the construction of storage chambers, refrigeration units and transport vehicles that require strict temperature control. Their energy efficiency is essential for the reduction of operating costs in refrigeration.
Polycarbonate Panels
Transparency and Light Transmission
Polycarbonate panels are a less conventional option, but offer the advantage of being transparent. This allows natural light to enter, as well as good thermal insulation.
Greenhouse Uses
Their high light transmission makes them ideal materials for greenhouses and growing systems. They provide a controlled environment, favoring plant growth by allowing maximum sunlight to enter while retaining heat.
Stainless Steel Panels
Durability and Resistance
Stainless steel panels stand out for their resistance to corrosion and adverse weather conditions. This material guarantees a long service life as well as low maintenance during use.
Special Applications
They are mainly used in environments where higher hygiene is required, such as food and pharmaceutical industries. They are also popular in constructions where aesthetic design and resistance to external elements are a priority, such as modern facades.
